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What Is Xylitol Used for Today?
Many studies, including several under the auspices of the World Health Organization, have evaluated xylitol gums, toothpastes, and candies for preventing dental cavities, with good results. 1 2 3 4 5 6 In all of these studies, xylitol users developed fewer cavities than those receiving either placebo or no treatment.
Xylitol is thought to prevent cavities by inhibiting the growth of the Streptococcus mutansbacteria. 7 Since a related bacteria, Streptococcus pneumoniae, can cause ear infections, xylitol has been investigated as a preventive treatment for middle ear infections , with some success. 8 9 In addition, preliminary evidence suggests that use of xylitol may offer some protection against periodontal disease (gum disease). 10
References
- Gales MA, Nguyen TM. Sorbitol compared with xylitol in prevention of dental caries. Ann Pharmacother. 34(1):98-100.
- Mäkinen KK, Bennett CA, Hujoel PP, Isokangas PJ, Isotupa KP, Pape HR Jr, Mäkinen PL. Xylitol chewing gums and caries rates: a 40-month cohort study. J Dent Res. 74(12):1904-13.
- Mäkinen KK, Hujoel PP, Bennett CA, Isotupa KP, Mäkinen PL, Allen P. Polyol chewing gums and caries rates in primary dentition: a 24-month cohort study. Caries Res. 30(6):408-17.
- Makinen KK, Pemberton D, Makinen P-L, et al. Polyol-combinant saliva stimulants and oral health in Veterans Affairs patients—an exploratory study. Spec Care Dent. 1996;16:104-115.
- Isokangas P, Alanen P, Tiekso J, Makinen KK. Xylitol chewing gum in caries prevention: a field study in children. J Am Dent Assoc. 117(2):315-20.
- Scully C, Greenman J, Porter S, et al. Anti-caries efficacy of xylitol and sodium fluoride in dentifrices [abstract]. Int Dent J. 1995;45:325.
- Uhari M, Kontiokari T, Niemela. A novel use of xylitol sugar in preventing acute otitis media. Pediatrics. 1998;102:879-884.
- Kontiokari T, Uhari M, Koskela M. Antiadhesive effects of xylitol on otopathogenic bacteria. J AntimicrobChemother. 1998;41:563-565.
- Uhari M, Kontiokari T, Koskela M, Niemelä M. Xylitol chewing gum in prevention of acute otitis media: double blind randomised trial. BMJ. 313(7066):1180-4.
- Makinen KK, Pemberton D, Makinen P-L, et al. Polyol-combinant saliva stimulants and oral health in Veterans Affairs patients—an exploratory study. Spec Care Dent. 1996;16:104-115.
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