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Therapeutic Uses
Like more common forms of estrogen, estriol is used for the treatment of menopausal symptoms . Double-blind, placebo-controlled studies and other controlled trials have found oral or vaginal estriol effective for symptoms of menopause, including hot flashes, night sweats, insomnia, vaginal dryness, and recurrent urinary tract infections. Estriol may also help prevent osteoporosis . 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Estriol might cause less vaginal bleeding as a side effect than other forms of estrogen, although this has not been definitively established. 9 Some alternative practitioners claim that estriol actually fights cancer, as opposed to estrogen, which increases risk of some cancers. However, this claim is based on exaggerated interpretations of very weak studies. 10 It is more likely that estriol increases cancer risk in much the same way as other forms of estrogen (see Safety Issues, below).
References
- Takahashi K, Manabe A, Okada M, Kurioka H, Kanasaki H, Miyazaki K. Efficacy and safety of oral estriol for managing postmenopausal symptoms. Maturitas. 34(2):169-77.
- Minaguchi H, Uemura T, Shirasu K, Sato A, Tsukikawa S, Ibuki Y, Mizunuma H, Aso T, Koyama T, Nozawa S, Ohta H, Ikeda T, Kusuhara K, Ochiai K, Kato J, Kinoshita T, Tanaka K, Minagawa Y, Kurabayashi T, Fukunaga M. Effect of estriol on bone loss in postmenopausal Japanese women: a multicenter prospective open study. J Obstet Gynaecol Res. 22(3):259-65.
- Itoi H, Minakami H, Sato I. Comparison of the long-term effects of oral estriol with the effects of conjugated estrogen, 1-alpha-hydroxyvitamin D3 and calcium lactate on vertebral bone loss in early menopausal women. Maturitas. 28(1):11-7.
- Hayashi T, Ito I, Kano H, Endo H, Iguchi A. Estriol (E3) replacement improves endothelial function and bone mineral density in very elderly women. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci. 55(4):B183-90; discussion B191-3.
- Dugal R, Hesla K, Sørdal T, Aase KH, Lilleeidet O, Wickstrøm E. Comparison of usefulness of estradiol vaginal tablets and estriol vagitories for treatment of vaginal atrophy. Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand. 79(4):293-7.
- Raz R, Stamm WE. A controlled trial of intravaginal estriol in postmenopausal women with recurrent urinary tract infections. N Engl J Med. 329(11):753-6.
- van der Linden MC, Gerretsen G, Brandhorst MS, et al. The effect of estriol on the cytology of urethra and vagina in postmenopausal women with genito-urinary symptoms. Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol. 1993;51:29-33.
- Holland EF, Leather AT, Studd JW. Increase in bone mass of older postmenopausal women with low mineral bone density after one year of percutaneous oestradiol implants. Br J Obstet Gynaecol. 102(3):238-42.
- Minaguchi H, Uemura T, Shirasu K, Sato A, Tsukikawa S, Ibuki Y, Mizunuma H, Aso T, Koyama T, Nozawa S, Ohta H, Ikeda T, Kusuhara K, Ochiai K, Kato J, Kinoshita T, Tanaka K, Minagawa Y, Kurabayashi T, Fukunaga M. Effect of estriol on bone loss in postmenopausal Japanese women: a multicenter prospective open study. J Obstet Gynaecol Res. 22(3):259-65.
- Lemon HM, Kumar PF, Peterson C, et al. Inhibition of radiogenic mammary carcinoma in rats by estriol or tamoxifen. Cancer. 1989;63:1685-1692.
